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The wide-open spaces of the Great Plains roll away to infinity
to either side of I-90 in SOUTH DAKOTA . Though the land is more
green and fertile east of the Missouri River, vast numbers of high-season
visitors speed straight on through to the spectacular southwest,
site of the Badlands and the adjacent Black Hills - two of the most
dramatic, mysterious and legend-impacted tracts of land in the US.
For whites, they encapsulate a wagonload of American notions about
heritage and the taming of the West. To Native Americans they are
ancient, spiritually resonant places.
The science-fiction severity of the Badlands resists fitting into
easy tourist tastes. The bigger, more user-friendly Black Hills,
home of that most patriotic of icons, Mount Rushmore , have been
subjected to greater exploitation (dozens of physical, historical
and downright commercial attractions, and the mining of gold and
other metals), but encourage more active exploration (via hiking
trails, mountain lakes and streams, and scenic highways).
Time and Hollywood have mythologized the larger-than-life personalities
for whom the Dakota Territory served as a stomping ground: Custer
and Crazy Horse battled here for supremacy over the plains, while
Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane were denizens of the once-notorious
Gold Rush town of Deadwood . On a more contemporary note, Kevin
Costner's award-winning Dances with Wolves (1990), shot in the state,
boosted South Dakota's tourism image, though Costner's own ambitious
development plans for the Black Hills have meant that he himself
has fallen foul of the Sioux.
Sioux tribes dominated the plains from the eighteenth century,
having gradually been pushed westwards from the Great Lakes by the
encroaching whites. To these nomadic hunters, unlike the gun-toting
Christian settlers and federal politicians, the concept of owning
the earth was utterly alien. They fought hard to stay free: the
Sioux are the only Indian nation to have defeated the United States
in war and forced it to sign a treaty (in 1868) favorable to them.
Even so, they were compelled, in the face of a gung-ho gold rush,
to relinquish the sacred Black Hills, and ultimately the choice
lay between death or confinement on reservations. For decades their
history and culture were outlawed; until the 1940s it was illegal
to teach or even speak their language, Lakota. More Sioux live on
South Dakota's six reservations now than dwelled in the whole state
during pioneer days, but their prospects are often grim. Nowhere
is the leg-acy of injustice better symbolized than at Wounded Knee
, on the Oglala Sioux Pine Ridge Reservation - scene of the infamous
1890 massacre by the US Army, and also of a prolonged "civil
disturbance" by the radical American Indian Movement in 1973.
Today Native American traditions are celebrated by music, dance
and socializing at powwows , held in summer on the reservations;
the state tourist office can supply dates and locations. Apart from
powwows, South Dakota summers are taken up with historical celebrations,
volksmarches (a friendly sort of community walking exercise), ethnic
festivals and rodeos. The 200th anniversary of the Lewis and Clark
expedition will be celebrated between 2003 and 2006; check for event
details. The state has 170 parks and recreation areas for hikers
and campers. In winter, downhill skiing is limited to Terry Peak
and Deer Mountain outside Lead in the Black Hills; cross-country
skiing and snowmobiling are more prevalent.
You'll be hard put to see much of South Dakota without a car .
Amtrak routes bypass the state entirely, while Jefferson (tel 1-800/444-6287)
bus lines serve points between Rapid City and Sioux Falls, sites
of the two major airports . Powder River buses (tel 1-800/442-3682)
serve Black Hills I-90 towns such as Rapid City, Spearfish and Sturgis,
as well as making the two-hour trip to Cheyenne, Wyoming.
See what South Dakota car rentals has to offer today. Choose a link
above to view today's special South Dakota rental car rates from different
agencies! Click here to get started with a car
rental quote now!
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