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The tourism industry in ARIZONA has, literally, one colossal advantage
- the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River. It's the single most awe-inspiring
spectacle in a land of unforgettable geology, and one of the few
places in the world that you absolutely have to see at least once
in your life. However, the Grand Canyon is by no means the most
interesting or memorable destination in the state. Indeed, in comparison
to its inhuman scale, other parts of Arizona have a more abiding
emotional impact, precisely because of the sheer drama of human
involvement in this forbidding but deeply resonant desert landscape.
Over a third of the state still belongs to the Native Americans
who have lived here for centuries, and who outside the cities form
the majority of the population. In the so-called Indian Country
of northeastern Arizona, the reservation lands of the Navajo Nation
hold the stupendous Canyon de Chelly and dozens of other marvellously
sited Ancestral Puebloan ruins , as well as the stark rocks of Monument
Valley . The Navajo surround the homeland of one of the most stoutly
traditional of all Native American peoples, the Hopi , who live
in remote mesa-top villages . The third main tribal group are the
Apache , in the harshly beautiful southeastern mountains - the last
Native Americans to give in to the overwhelming power of the white
American invaders.
Away from the reservations, Wild West towns like Tombstone , site
of the famed gunfight at the OK Corral, give a clear sense of Arizona's
characteristically rough-and-ready, pioneer mentality; this was
the last of the lower 48 states to join the Union, in 1912. The
cities , however, are not much fun. In Phoenix , the capital, well
over a million souls are scattered over a 500-square-mile morass
of shopping malls and tract-house suburbs; Tucson is a bit more
civil, but still wears thin after a day or so.
Though the open spaces of southern Arizona can be harsh and violent
- most of the southwestern quarter, along the parallel I-8 and I-10
highways, is used as a bombing range - the bleakness is balanced
somewhat by the many nature reserves which protect its amazing flora
and fauna, such as Saguaro National Park , just outside Tucson,
with its giant cactuses, real-life roadrunners and rare Gila monsters.
Arizona is better served by public transportation than much of
the Southwest, but it's still an effort to get around without a
car. Greyhound buses stop at all the major cities and at most towns
along the interstates, while Amtrak trains cross the state on two
of their transcontinental routes (via Tucson in the south, or Flagstaff
further north). Seeing the backcountry, however - and especially
the reservations - is all but impossible without a car. The largest
airport is at Phoenix, and assorted good-value, short-hop flights
cover the principal destinations. The only worthwhile bus tours
visit the area around Flagstaff.
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